Source citations

"Third Estate Account for John Birch in account with Randolph Birch and Henry Birch, executors." (1858) 1859. In Alexandria County Will Book. 7:483-485. FamilySearch. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9TH-P8M8?view=explore. Images 248-249 of 290 (accessed 27 October 2024).

"Valuable Slaves for Sale Notice, Estate of John Birch, 6 December 1859." 1859. Alexandria Gazette. Alexandria, VA. (As found in Genealogybank, accessed 26 July 2024.)

Clark, Allen C. 1919. "General John Peter Van Ness, a Mayor of the City of Washington, His Wife, Marcia, and Her Father, David Burnes." Records of the Columbia HIstorical Society, Washington, DC, Vol. 22: 188. As found in Internet Archive: https://archive.org/details/jstor-40067123/page/n69/mode/2up (Accessed 3 September 2024).

Culbertson, Sidney. 1934. The Hunter family of Virginia and connections, embracing portions of families of Alexander, Pearson, Chapman, Travers, Tyler, West, Gray, Smith and Safford of Virginia and Maclay, Colhoun and Culbertson of Pennsylvania. Denver, CO. As found in Internet Archive, https://archive.org/details/hunterfamilyofvi00culb/page/n1/mode/2up (Accessed 1 May 2024)

Deed of Manumission of Enslaved of George Washington Parke Custis (Robert E. Lee, executor), written 29 December 1862, recorded 2 January 1863. Hustings Deeds 79-B, 1862-1863, pp. 42-43. Richmond, Virginia. As found in "Richmond, Virginia, United States records," images, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C3QP-Z4C7?view=explore : Oct 25, 2024), image 49 of 271; Virginia. City Court (Richmond).

Evidentary Statement of J.R. Johnson, Freedmen's Bureau vs Basil Hall, 23 March 1866. United States Union Provost Marshal Files of Individual Civilians, 1861-1866, Half-Hall. Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Administration. As found in FamilySearch, images 293-310, https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:939X-X1T8-J?cc=1834304&wc=M6Y2-TWG%3A162269101 (accessed 27 October 2024)

Hunter, Alexander. 1905. Johnny Reb and Billy Yank. Internet Archive. New York City, United States of America: The Neale Publishing Company. https://archive.org/details/johnnyrebbillyya00hunt/page/n7/mode/2up. (Accessed 27 October 2024)

Hunter, Alexander. 1908. The Huntsman of the South. New York: Neale Publishing Company. Internet Archive, accessed 2 September 2024. (https://archive.org/details/huntsmaninsouth00hunt/mode/2up)

Hunter, Bushrod W. 1861. Bushrod W. Hunter diary, 1861. Manuscript. Washington, DC, United States of America: Library of Congress. https://lccn.loc.gov/mm79004969.

Hynson, Jerry M. 1999 District of Columbia Runaway and Fugitive Slave Cases, 1848-1863. Heritage Books: Westminster, MD.

Mitchell, Beth and Donald W. Sweig. 1987. Fairfax County, Virginia, in 1760: An Interpretive Historical Map. Fairfax County, Virginia: Office of Comprehensive Planning.

National Archives and Records Administration Record Group 21 [Records of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia Relating to Slaves, 1851-1863.] "Emancipation of Cornelia Gray and Julius Augustus McClellan." 1862. District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Emancipation Records, 1851-1863. Accessed 12 September 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/6070:2171. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration Record Group 21 [Records of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia Relating to Slaves, 1851-1863.] "Emancipation of Daniel Henderson, Matilda Clark, Cornelia & Son, and Mary Johnson. 1862. District of Columbia, U.S. Series: Emancipation Records, 1862-1863. Accessed 2 September 2024. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/55901903 Records of District Courts of the United States, 1685-2009.

National Archives and Records Administration Record Group 21 [Records of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia Relating to Slaves, 1851-1863.] "Manumission of Charles Sorden." 1858. District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Emancipation Records, 1851-1863. Accessed 27 October 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/6768:2171?tid=&pid=&queryid=b23ed9cd-5a89-482e-817b-e36440685422&_phsrc=YIf1427&_phstart=successSource. Courtesy of Ancestry.com

National Archives and Records Administration Record Group 21 [Records of the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia Relating to Slaves, 1851-1863.] "Manumission of Rebecca Wilson." 1860. District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Emancipation Records, 1851-1863. Accessed 27 October 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/discoveryui-content/view/7773:2171?tid=&pid=&queryid=f5d3e031-39e1-457d-9c24-2d5b2002bf80&_phsrc=YIf1298&_phstart=successSource. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Arena and Jefferson D. Holmes between John Waters and Philip Mackey (12 September 1857) and Philip Mackey and Columbus Alexander (14 September 1857): Petition of Columbus Alexander (Petition No. 893), 11 July 1862." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed October 27, 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217989-00464. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Betsy Docket between Mr. Calvert and Robert Cruit, ND, as found in Petition of Susan Cruit, 23 May 1862 (Petition No. 412)." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed 27 October 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217987-00051. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Betty Hopp between Willam H Grinnell and Columbus Alexander, 1 March 1844: Petition of Columbus Alexander (Petition No. 893), 11 July 1862." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed October 27, 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217989-00464. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Beverly between Lewis Warrington and Columbus Alexander, 29 July 1858: Petition of Columbus Alexander (Petition No. 893), 11 July 1862." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed October 27, 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217989-00464. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Caroline, 15 February 1844, as found in Petition of Mary Ann Hall, 7 May 1862 (Petition No. 181)." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed 24 October 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217985-00932. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Eliza (Lucy, John) Jones between Estate of Unidentified Relative and Columbus Alexander, circa 1850: Petition of Columbus Alexander (Petition No. 893), 11 July 1862." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed October 27, 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217989-00464. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Frank Diggs between William T. Duvall and Columbus Alexander, 9 April 1852: Petition of Columbus Alexander (Petition No. 893), 11 July 1862." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed October 27, 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217989-00464. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for George Singleton between William B. and Ann Scott and Columbus Alexander, 23 February 1856: Petition of Columbus Alexander (Petition No. 893), 11 July 1862." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Accessed October 27, 2024. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2159/images/31556_217989-00464. Courtesy of Ancestry.com.

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Henson Perry, 2 June 1860. Statement A as part of Petition of Charles E. Mix, 11 July 1862." District of Columbia, U.S., Slave Owner Petitions, 1862. Found at Civil War Washington, https://civilwardc.org/texts/petitions/cww.00896.html (accessed 24 October 2024).

National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 217.6.5 [Records of the Accounting Officers of the Department of Treasury, 1775-1978]. 1862. "Bill of Sale for Isaiah between J. Henry Cramphin and Robert Cruit, 27 March 1838: Petition of Susan Cruit, 23 May 1862." (Accessed 26 March 2024) Original cited as found in Land Records of Washington County, District of Columbia, Liber N.B. No 69, folios 368-389.

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